The U.S. electric grid loses roughly 5% of all electricity generated just moving it from power plants to homes and businesses. Multiply that inefficiency across aging infrastructure worldwide, and you start to see why clean energy generation alone won’t solve the climate crisis. These seven innovations are making smarter ways to store and deliver power.
From next-generation batteries that could charge an EV in minutes to virtual power plants that turn your rooftop solar into a grid resource, these technologies tackle the full energy lifecycle — generation, storage, transmission, and demand. Some are already deployed at scale; others are approaching commercial viability. They represent the next infrastructure that renewable energy needs to replace fossil fuels as our primary source of electricity. And most offer entry points for consumers, communities, and advocates who want to accelerate the transition.
1. Solid-State Batteries
For years, you’ve used lithium-ion batteries in your phone and laptop. Now, the energy industry is moving toward solid-state batteries. These advanced devices use ceramic, glass or polymer for conductivity. You may have seen them in drones, medical implants and specialized machinery, but their primary role could be in the automotive industry.
Solid-state batteries improve electric vehicles (EVs) by increasing energy density and enabling faster charging. Automakers are investing in research and development for this technology because it will usher in a new era of electric cars. Toyota has a long-term goal of solid-state batteries having 10-minute charging times. When purchasing an EV, prioritize models with long-lasting and safe battery technologies.
2. Smart Grids
Increasing populations worldwide mean cities need dynamic and responsive energy networks. Smart grids heed the call by adding a digital brain to your community’s existing systems that facilitates two-way communication between utility companies and consumers. Sensors, automated controls and smart meters mean you can watch energy flow in real time.
Smart grids have vast capabilities — they coordinate generators, grid operators and consumers. The efficient operation leads to system flexibility, resilience and stability. As a consumer, you can see how much electricity you’re using and what changes you can make. Talk to your neighbors about joining or starting a community microgrid.
3. Liquid Air Energy Storage
Liquid air energy storage (LAES) is among the top technologies supporting the grid. This process stores excess electricity by cooling the surrounding air to extremely low temperatures. Then, you convert it into liquid for storage in insulated tanks. When your grid needs power, it can heat liquid air and drive turbines to generate energy.
LAES is a critical innovation because of its geographic flexibility. You can build these systems nearly anywhere, whether in urban centers or rural energy hubs. For example, Carrington, United Kingdom, is building a commercial-scale LAES facility to support energy demand. Its versatility means you can advocate for similar technologies and structures in your community.
4. Sustainable Lighting Systems
Energy generation and storage receive plenty of attention, but you should also consider innovations on the demand side. Your home’s electricity consumption is a prime example of how technology is improving. For instance, LED lighting solutions use up to 90% less energy while aiding visibility in your kitchen cabinets or along baseboards.
Other technologies are becoming more prominent in sustainable lighting. Your office building may have occupancy sensors, which control lighting based on the presence of people. If everyone has left, the lights and HVAC adjust accordingly. Daylight harvesting is another worthy technique, as it controls lighting based on natural light. Consider this technology if you live in a sunny area.
5. Green Hydrogen
Hydrogen has risen as a clean fuel alternative, as seen with the Toyota Mirai and the Hyundai Nexo. However, its origin is the critical factor. The most promising type is green hydrogen, which is produced by electrolysis of water into its constituent elements. It’s more environmentally friendly than gray or blue hydrogen, which requires the use of fossil fuels during production.
Green hydrogen delivers cleaner energy than its alternatives because it comes from renewable sources like wind and solar, though the ultimate cleanliness depends on the full supply chain. The product is a zero-emission fuel at the point of use and releases only water when converted back to energy. While green energy remains expensive, you can support growth by championing energy providers committed to renewable-powered hydrogen production.
6. High-Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) Transmission
Past generations relied on power transmitted over long distances, though inefficiencies led to significant electricity losses. Alternating current (AC) systems waste energy due to changing voltages and shifting magnetic fields. High-voltage direct current (HVDC) constantly flows through the circuit in the same direction.
The results are most pronounced on long-haul lines. HVDC systems reduce transmission losses by up to 50% compared to AC at equivalent voltages. Increasing efficiency is essential in the modern age of renewable energy, especially with solar farms and wind turbines. The U.S. has expanded these power systems since opening its first in 1970. Nowadays, you can be an engaged citizen by supporting your area’s regional grid projects.
7. Virtual Power Plants
Physical power plants have been essential in the last century, but virtual facilities are becoming the norm. These cloud-based networks encompass small-scale resources, such as your home’s solar panels or EVs. Once collected, they work together to reduce demand or return power to the grid.
Virtual power plants (VPPs) reduce grid strain by flexibly charging and discharging to meet demand. Aggregating and coordinating your devices gives them capabilities similar to those of traditional facilities. Their presence is crucial as climate change has affected grids from California to Texas. As a homeowner, consider participating in VPPs through your utility company or a third party.
Looking to the Future of the Energy Industry
The journey toward sustainable energy is happening around you. Innovations have prioritized storing, moving and using electricity with intelligence and efficiency. Energy superhighways and smart devices are making your home resilient and responsive. As a citizen of Earth, you can play an active role by supporting regional projects and choosing efficient technologies at home.
About the Author
Peter Chambers, an associate editor at Renovated, is a dedicated sustainable living and home improvement writer. As a woodworker, DIY enthusiast, and gardening nerd, he combines his passion for craftsmanship with his commitment to environmental responsibility. When he’s not writing, you can find Peter out on a hike, in his woodshop, or tending to his vegetable garden.